Showing posts with label war crimes. Show all posts
Showing posts with label war crimes. Show all posts

The Trial of Donald Rumsfeld: A Prosecution by Book Review

The Trial of Donald Rumsfeld: A Prosecution by Book
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The Trial of Donald Rumsfeld: A Prosecution by Book ReviewU.S. politics has become something previously only found in science fiction, an intersection of parallel universes. One universe is the one on television and in Congress. In this universe there are suspicions that someone in the U.S. military may have used some technique bordering on torture, but there's just no way to know for sure. Perhaps an investigation would be a good idea. Or maybe a better solution would be to elect a new president, especially one who's been a victim of torture and opposes it. But the whole topic is very minor one, and the correct position is unclear since torture is both frowned on and useful for getting tough on terrorists.
In the other universe, John McCain has been supporting torture for years now, but virtually every informed observer recognizes that torture serves no practical purpose and is dragging world opinion of the United States into the gutter, making us less safe. In this other world, we encounter information like that collected in a new book by Michael Ratner called "The Trial of Donald Rumsfeld." We discover that there is voluminous evidence in the form of photographs and first-hand testimony that our nation has been engaged in using a wide array of the most abusive torture techniques possible for years now, resulting in many known cases of murder -- of the torture resulting in death.
In this other world, sometimes known as reality, there is extensive documentary evidence that torture has been authorized by many top U.S. officials, including George Bush, Dick Cheney, Donald Rumsfeld, George Tenet, Stephen Cambone, Ricardo Sanchez, Geoffrey Miller, Walter Wojdakowski, Thomas Pappas, Barbara Fast, Marc Warren, Alberto Gonzales, William James Haynes II, David Addington, John C. Yoo, and Jay Bybee. There are other names that could be added, but those are the individuals indicted in Ratner's book. Ratner actually leaves out Bush and Cheney, but says he is only doing so because they are still in office.
Ratner presents the evidence against these torturers, and then presents substantial evidence in their defense in the form of memos they've written trying to argue that what is blatantly illegal is legal. Then Ratner debunks their claims. His book does for torture what Elizabeth de la Vega's book ("U.S. v. Bush et alia") did for defrauding a nation into war: it lays out the case to a grand jury, or to a jury. There is sufficient evidence in this book to put these people behind bars. There is sufficient material here to understand how these criminals would defend themselves in court as well. And all of this exists in a world apart from Congress and television.
I'm not arguing for actual conviction by book. While we can guess how people might defend themselves, they must be given a fair chance to actually do so before being convicted. But every book like this that emerges should help us break through the erroneous idea that we need to investigate before we can conclude that torture has been committed, that it is illegal, and that the individuals named above bear legal responsibility for it.
In the parallel universe inhabited by Congress, the furthest reaches of advocacy for justice are inhabited by things like the resolution Rep. Tammy Baldwin introduced on Friday, urging the next president to please stop committing some of the unconstitutional and illegal abuses of the current one, but at the same time urging the next president to investigate whether the current one or any of his subordinates committed any crimes. This eternal demand for investigations (even while acknowledging the crimes) is much like the demand of other politicians for additional proof before they'll believe global warming exists. Both pretenses are motivated by corrupting influences. To admit that no investigations are needed of torture and war crimes would be to admit that Congress could very quickly impeach the president if it chose to. Baldwin is one of a small minority of Congress members who have supported impeachment. She announced her new resolution on a Friday night during a presidential debate when almost nobody would notice and focused it entirely on appealing to the executive branch not to misuse its dictatorial powers, as opposed to stripping those powers away and restoring Congress to its proper place in our government. And 434 other Congress members did even less than that.
Books can't cross from one universe to another. Nobody could pretend further investigations were needed if they held a copy of Ratner's book. Ratner lays out the case on torture, including the evidence, the counter-arguments, and their refutations, exactly as if we were all living in the real world. Prosecution is possible abroad, but courts abroad will be heavily influenced by the amount of public pressure we can create for prosecution within the United States. Strategies for prosecution within the United States and abroad are being organized. The trick will be to properly merge this movement with the universe of the media-congressional-military complex.
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Getting Away with Torture: Secret Government, War Crimes, and the Rule of Law Review

Getting Away with Torture: Secret Government, War Crimes, and the Rule of Law
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Getting Away with Torture: Secret Government, War Crimes, and the Rule of Law ReviewChristopher Pyle, who teaches constitutional law and civil liberties at Mount Holyoke College in South Hadley, Massachusetts, has written a strong indictment of the US state's use of and connivance in torture.
He points out that there were 70 renditions before 9/11. Vice-President Gore said, "Of course it's a violation of international law; that's why it's a covert operation." There is no right to kidnap fugitives: extradition treaties were developed to stop illegal abductions by covert foreign agents.
Bush secretly authorised the CIA to kidnap suspected terrorists from European countries and turn them over for interrogation under torture to Egypt, Syria, Jordan, Morocco, Uzbekistan, Iraq, Afghanistan and Pakistan. Pyle comments, "That unprecedented development was strong evidence that the rule of law no longer mattered to American officials in power." Torture is a form of terrorism: it is illegal under US law and US military law. There were more than 150 renditions between 2001 and 2005.
He writes, "The old adage that `no man is above the law' is no longer valid. American courts, supported by three Republican attorneys general, have made it abundantly clear: high government officials who secretly authorize the kidnapping, torture, or murder of foreigners abroad cannot be prosecuted for the crimes the officials commit or sued for injuries they cause."
After 9/11, Congress authorised the President to use military force only against `those responsible for the recent attacks'. It did not license an endless `war against terrorism' or a limitless war against `States that harbour or support them' (as per John Yoo's Memo 25 September 2001). Under this absurd ruling, the USA could attack Britain.
The International Committee of the Red Cross said that the US treatment of prisoners at Guantanamo Bay was `an intentional system of cruel, unusual, and degrading treatment and a form of torture'. As Pyle notes, "more than 90% of the men and boys tormented at Guantanamo Bay had not been captured in combat but had been sold to the United States for large bounties."
The CIA has or had secret prisons in Thailand, Afghanistan, Poland, Rumania, Bulgaria, Kosovo, Macedonia and Ukraine. Pyle comments, "the CIA made suspected terrorists `disappear', as if the United States were little more than a Latin American dictatorship. Many of these prisoners still have not been found."
He writes, "the torture, cruelty, and degradation revealed in those Abu Ghraib pictures were not merely the work of a few bad apples but were the result of a conscious policy of the Bush administration." The USA's highest officials `authorized, approved and encouraged the torture and degradation of suspected terrorists'.
Bush refused to grant POW status to captured Taliban fighters. Hitler's Field Marshal Wilhelm Keitel refused to grant POW status to Soviet soldiers - he was hanged as a war criminal. Pyle proposes repealing the amnesty for Bush, Rice, Cheney, Rumsfeld, Powell and Tenet.
He sums up, "The United States is no longer a constitutional government under law. Thanks to helpful legislators and judges, its president is now an elected monarch who can, if he chooses, commit criminal acts with impunity. He need not think of himself as a constitutional officer pledged to uphold the Constitution and laws against all enemies, foreign and domestic. He can operate like an Afghan warlord with legions of kidnappers, covert paramilitary units, and clandestine prisons at his disposal.
"At the moment, no one has any timely or effective legal protection against this warlord. Neither Congress nor the courts is disposed to confront this elected monarch until the terrorist threat, which the Republican Party has recklessly striven to make perpetual, has passed.
"As a result, the United States is in the worst constitutional crisis in its history. Many of the wrongs for which the American colonists went to war in 1776 now pale in comparison to the crimes the Bush administration committed. Even during the bitter Civil War, neither side instituted a policy of torture."Getting Away with Torture: Secret Government, War Crimes, and the Rule of Law Overview

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Inside the Nixon Administration: The Secret Diary of Arthur Burns, 1969-1974 Review

Inside the Nixon Administration: The Secret Diary of Arthur Burns, 1969-1974
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Inside the Nixon Administration: The Secret Diary of Arthur Burns, 1969-1974 ReviewDr. Robert Ferrell does a probing job into the mind set of the Nixon administration as he has edited a journal of the late Arthur Burns, who had almost daily contact with Richard Nixon. This is an excellent "fly-on-the-wall" view of this time in our history.Inside the Nixon Administration: The Secret Diary of Arthur Burns, 1969-1974 Overview

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In the Shadow of the Oval Office: Profiles of the National Security Advisers and the Presidents They Served--From JFK to George W. Bush Review

In the Shadow of the Oval Office: Profiles of the National Security Advisers and the Presidents They Served--From JFK to George W. Bush
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In the Shadow of the Oval Office: Profiles of the National Security Advisers and the Presidents They Served--From JFK to George W. Bush ReviewIn the Shadow of the Oval Office is an impressive summary of the duties, inner-workings, and conflicts inherit in the role of National Security Adivsor. The authors, Ivo Daalder and I.m Destler write with a brillant command of the subject matter and without political agenda. The narrative is remarkably consistent in style; one would think there was a single author, not two.
What impressed, and somewhat frightened, this reviewer is how much the effectiveness, or lack there of, the National Security Advisor is based upon personality of the NSA and the presonality of the President he or she serves. If there is a single thesis in this book, it would be that the country is well-served when there is good match between NSA and the President, and the country, if not the world, is poorly served if there is poor match.
But Daadler and Destler are primarily not interested in advancing an academic theory, rather they are more interested in just telling the story correctly. The reader sees how national policies are developed in the context of management styles and inter-personal dynamics involved as well as the relevant historical perspective.
In short, In the Shadow of the Oval Office is a triumphant combination of polictical analysis, historical re-telling, and character study.In the Shadow of the Oval Office: Profiles of the National Security Advisers and the Presidents They Served--From JFK to George W. Bush Overview

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Dick: The Man Who Is President Review

Dick: The Man Who Is President
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Dick: The Man Who Is President ReviewI received my copy of Dick on Sept 7 and read it in two hours. I could not put it down. It is a terrific read, and is filled with eye-opening, even eye-popping, material about Vice-President Dick Cheney. Nichols's case that Cheney runs the government and that he is not to be trusted is convincing. He provides evidence to convict. There are scores of books out to fill the appetite of people alarmed by the Bush-Cheney administration, and many of them are quite good. But I have seen nothing as original and as important at Dick. It is an astonishing indictment of our news media that so much elementary information about the VP has been unknown prior to the publication of this book. No matter what one's politics may be, no one who reads Dick will ever view this administration the same again.
John Nichols is one of the finest journalists of our times, and this book will only cement his reputation.Dick: The Man Who Is President Overview

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